Unknown / Black Swan

The potential collapse of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), as highlighted by Iceland, represents a high-risk Black Swan event due to its unprecedented and unpredictable impact on global climate systems. Such a collapse could lead to severe weather changes, affecting agriculture, economies, and geopolitical stability worldwide. The lack of historical precedence and the complexity of oceanic systems make it difficult to predict and prepare for the cascading effects of such an event, which could include extreme weather patterns, sea level rise, and disruptions to marine ecosystems. This highlights the urgent need for international cooperation and research to mitigate potential impacts.